Cassini/Huygens

May 27, 2008

Saturn goes to Museum of Natural History

2572_7217_1[Cross-posted from the IdeaFestival weblog] Beginning late last month, a collection of truly stunning images from the doughty spacecraft Cassini went on display at the American Museum of Natural History

Saturn and Dione are pictured above. For much different look at the same two bodies, check out this image.

Aside from dropping titan-sized hints about the relative prevalence about organics in our solar system and elsewhere - as well as leaving a treasure trove of images, of course - the mission has been ho-hum.

Wayne

Image credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

May 22, 2008

Rare feature pictured on Titan

Titan_craters Because Titan's thick atmosphere burns up objects prior to impact, there are very few craters on the surface. Surface winds and erosion have tended to erode surface craters as well. But on Cassini's most recent flyby on May 12, the craft discovered only the fourth featured definitively identified as an impact crater. It is pictured above on the left, with another crater, discovered in 2005, shown on the right.

More on the discovery may be found here.

Wayne

Image credit: NASA/JPL

April 30, 2008

Bronze Titan

4886_10977_0 This picture was posted by CICLOPS, the team responsible for Cassini imaging, on a page describing Cassini's current, and brief, 66th orbit around Saturn. Since I hadn't seen this image of Titan before, I wanted to share.

Wayne

April 17, 2008

Carnival of Space No. 50

My name is Wayne Hall and I work with the Kentucky space program. Huh? Kentucky what?!

Suffice it to say that a group of talented people are out to change the perception of what's possible in the commonwealth of Kentucky by doing hands-on space science. The very first project of this ambitious enterprise is a cooperative, student-led effort to design, build and fly a CubeSat that kids from the eastern mountains to the western Mississippi river shore can figuratively reach out and touch from classrooms all over the state. The first of many planned efforts, it will rocket to orbit sometime late this year or early next. And with that,

Welcome to the 50th edition of the Carnival of Space! From rocket racing to astronomy to particle physics to the search for intelligent life, this week features a wide variety of space-related topics. So let's dive right in.

New Frontiers has news about the Rocket Racing League and its announcement about upcoming exhibition race dates. Meanwhile, Space Transport News discusses Red Bull air races and the differences and similarities to rocket racing as well as taking some notes from the news conference.

At Altair VI, David S. F. Portree writes about the old NASA Office of Exploration Mars' and Moon vision for space exploration and has something to say about space tourism.

The Planetary Society's Emily Stewart Lakdawalla notes the stunning images of Phobos available from the Mars Express image catalog. A Babe in the Universe follows suit, pointing out that the crater Stickney is 9 km across on a moon only 22 km long. Speaking as a blogger who makes liberal use of CICLOPS and HiRISE images, the pictures coming from current robotic missions are spectacular. I'm looking forward to what MESSENGER and New Horizons might reveal.

Speaking of the planets, Stuart Atkinson at Cumbrian Sky reports on one suggestion to send monkeys to Mars. You read that right. He also provides some images of Pheonix's landing spot on the planet.

Fraser explains why Pluto is no longer a planet. Let's just say that the region beyond Neptune is awfully interesting.

Of the many satellites that dance around Sun, Neptune's Triton is probably not a world that tickles one's imagination when envisioning space colonization. But while it may be ignored as scientists chase after Mars and Titan, Neptune's Triton may in the distant future become a prime location at the edge of our solar system. Colony Worlds asks: Neptune's Triton: Is It Worth Billions, Or Trillions?

This week's Space Video at Space Feeds is the eighth episode of Firefly, Out of Gas.

At Next Big Future, Brian Wang asks whether a $153 million Thin Film Dome inflated over cities might protect against nuclear weapons or perhaps substitute for communication satellites. Russian inventor and researcher Alexander Bolonkin has developed an interesting technology that suggests all kinds of commercial possibilities.

Can Dark Matter be directly detected? Anticipating such an announcement, astrophysicist Ethan Siegel expresses his doubts at Starts with a Bang! It's a question I've also put to Star Stryder, Pamela Gay.

Astronomer Robert Simpson at Orbiting Frog contributes a post to the 50th carnival on Nebulae in 3D. He nominated another post about the late John Wheeler from Daniel Holz at the wonderful group blog Cosmic Variance. Holz movingly recalls his time with the physicist, who was conversant in biology, history and poetry. Please give it a read.

At Out of the Cradle, Ken Murphy continues his look at growing plants on the Moon with a review of the book "Lunar Base Agriculture" in part II of his article "Of a Garden on the Moon".

At Centauri Dreams, Paul Gilster, who is surely link-weary from the attention this blog has paid to him, posts a story about "Life as Rarity in the Cosmos," which looks at new research suggesting that we are living rather late in the history of Earth's biosphere. If so, it might have implications for the possibility of intelligent life elsewhere. Bottom line: we might find that life itself is rather common, but intelligent life? Not so much.

Do we have anything to worry about from the Large Hadron Collider? Ian O'Neill explains that "an Earth-eating black hole is pretty much impossible."

Ever-prepared, Scouts Canada describes a variety of methods for finding direction without a compass or GPS by using the sun, stars and moon. In practical fashion, Scouts blogger Mang also lends some context to astronomical distances - the discussion includes a scale overlay of the solar system on the City of Toronto using a standard marble for Earth - and writes about modeling a micro-satellite, the Microvariability & Oscillations of STars (MOST) satellite. The MOST team has opened target proposals to the public.

Space Cynics, meanwhile, wonders how prepared Gen-Y is to contribute to the national space program.

Tyler Nordgren is educating visitors about what they learn about the solar system and universe through what they can see for themselves in the dark starry skies above the parks, as well as on the ground around them in the wonderful geological processes and features the parks protect. The most recent entry from this week at Arches National Park is found here.

Finally, at Music of the Spheres, Bruce Irving asks Why Space?, a theme that the Martian Chronicles also picks up on this week, along with providing some great Cape Verde images as seen from everyone's favorite Martian rover.

Why explore indeed! And since it's THAT time again, perhaps it's appropriate that John Benac contribute a post about Political Action for Space, the first space political action committee.

It's been a blast to host the carnival at Kentucky's space program blog this week. KySat hopes to make its own news in the near future. So please come back and please visit all the great blogs and bloggers you see listed here!

Wayne

April 16, 2008

Cassini mission gets extension

Img003039br500 According to a JPL podcast, the Cassini mission has been extended two years, to July of 2010. Twenty-six more encounters with an "Earth-like" Titan, seven more close encounters of the geyser-moon Enceladus (artist's impression above), and three more encounters, one each, with three of the smaller moons are planned, according to Cassini project manager, Bob Mitchell.

Listen to the podcast for a mission recap and news of the extension.

Wayne

Credit: Copyright 2008 Karl Kofoed

March 27, 2008

Enceladus' internal heat mapped

Pia10361_modest

More science from Cassini's recent fly by of Saturn's geyser-moon, Enceladus, is being made available to the public. NASA has just posted this heat map of the southern pole of the satellite.

According to the agency, there is a 200 degree swing (Fahrenheit) between the temperature at the vents and the rest of the surface of the moon.

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL/GSFC/SwRI/SSI

March 18, 2008

More on geyser-moon, Enceladus

4856_10685_1 The Planetary Society has posted a cool composite video of Cassini's 32,000 mph dive through ice geysers and past the Saturn moon of Enceladus. From the press release following the flight:

The spacecraft snatched up precious samples that might point to a water ocean or organics inside the little moon.

Scientists believe the geysers could provide evidence that liquid water is trapped under the icy crust of Enceladus. The geysers emanate from fractures running along the moon’s south pole, spewing out water vapor at approximately 400 meters per second (800 mph).

A detailed chronological overview of the flyby may be found at CICLOPS, the team responsible for Cassini imaging.

The image above may be found on this page at CICLOPS, but do check out the video at the Planetary Society.

Wayne

March 17, 2008

NASA and the future of planetary science

Along with a number of other presentations at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Pamela Gay live blogged a session on the future of planetary science from NASA Administrator Michael Griffin. It's interesting stuff.

Wayne

March 14, 2008

Enceladus closeup

Encledaus_closeup I've been monitoring the NASA feeds for more on Cassini's very close encounter with Enceledus. Here is one image of the northern pole of the moon, which is far different from the geologically active and ice-spewing southern pole. About the image:

Compared to much of the moon's southern hemisphere—the south polar region in particular—the north polar region is much older and covered with craters.  These craters are captured at different stages of disruption and alteration by tectonic activity and probably past heating from below. Many of the craters seen here are sliced by small parallel cracks that seem to be ubiquitous throughout the old cratered terrains on Enceladus. The mosaic also shows a variety of impact crater shapes, some with bowed-up floors and smaller craters within, very likely indicating that the icy crust in this area was at some time warmer than at present. While this conclusion was previously reached from NASA Voyager spacecraft images, these new data provide a much more detailed look at the fractures that modify the surface.  This data will give a significantly improved comparison of the geologic history at the satellite's north pole with that at the south pole.

A news release announcing the successful fly by is here.

Wayne

Image: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

March 12, 2008

Spectacular Enceladus encounter

Enceladus The Cassini team will conduct a spectacular fly-by today of the mysterious Saturn  moon of Enceladus, which sports a long geyser-like tail of ice and surface debris the craft will have to navigate. AndCassini_enceladus_trajectory if that weren't enough, at closest approach Cassini will be a mere 50 kilometers (30 miles) above the surface of the moon, as illustrated by the graphic to the right.

While nosing around the site, I also noticed - as the Planetary Society also points out - that NASA has begun an experiment in live blogging big events. The Enceladus encounter bloggers are here.

Wayne

Image credits: NASA/JPL/Space Sciences Institute

March 11, 2008

Rings for Rhea

Rhea-rings.jpg

Does Rhea have rings? Because of a decrease in the number of electrons detected by the craft on either side of the moon, scientists suggest that rings may be blocking these electrons before they reach Cassini.

Here is one artist's conception of what might ring the moon. Credit: NASA/JPL/JHUAPL

February 06, 2008

Enceladus "delivering mass" to Saturn rings

210347main_enceladus_jets Universe Today: scientists believe that Enceladus is "delivering mass" in the form of ice for Saturn's A ring.

As seen in this photo, Cassini has been able to capture evidence of ice geysers on the moon.

The NASA announcement is here.

Wayne   

Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

February 04, 2008

Saturn's north pole

Pia09828_modestSaturn's swirling atmosphere near the northern pole is featured in this image taken by Cassini.

All Saturn images can be found at CICLOPS, the site for the Cassini imaging team.

Wayne

Image credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

January 22, 2008

Video of Huygens' descent

Hang on for this video descent to the surface of Titan. The last few frames looking out over the surface of the moon are worth the brief wait.

Wayne

January 08, 2008

New Titan flyby completed

Probedwe Following up on the last post, Cassini has just concluded another flyby of Titan, Saturn's atmosphere-shrouded moon, zipping past at 1050km in altitude. The craft used its visual and infrared mapping spectrometer to map the site where the Huygens probe, ferried to Titan by Cassini, landed in January, 2005. The artist's rendering above of the probe's descent to Titan's surface is courtesy of the European Space Agency.

A scheduled March 2008 mission will take Cassini to within 50km of icy Enceladus.

Teachers, age specific materials related to the Cassini mission may be found here.

Wayne

"Most stunning photo ever taken"

2230_6162_1As noted here earlier, CICLOPS, the organization and people responsible for the breathtaking images taken by Cassini as it moves among Saturn and its moons, held a contest so the public could choose its favorite picture.

The results are in.

The winning color image, which shows an eclipse of the sun as seen from the other side of Saturn, is shown above. Nestled just inside the outermost ring on the left side of the picture (click to enlarge) is our home, Earth.

Cosmic Log's Alan Boyle has much more on the story, including a link to comments from Steven Pinker, who called it "the most stunning photograph ever taken" in this post

An image roughly 2700 x 1300 pixels can be found here. It's currently saved as my Macbook desktop.

Wayne

December 13, 2007

Saturn favorite image contest

In_saturns_shadowWhat's your favorite Saturn image?

CICLOPS, which stands for Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations, has made available some of the most breathtaking photographs ever taken of our solar system. It's now asking the public to identify its favorite image.

Vote by December 30 and you could get a full color poster of the winning Cassini photo. The image above is one of the images that could win. Incredible, isn't it?

Have a look at them all.

Wayne

November 19, 2007

Titan flyby today

Pia08398br500 Cassini is set to make another flyby of Titan today. Because the moon will be directly between Cassini and the sun, scientists are expecting a very nice look at the density of Titan's atmosphere.

This will also be the highest inclination pass yet. By July, 2008 the craft will be looking down on Saturn from a perch of over 70 degrees, which should provide some spectacular pictures of the planet.

The image of Titan above was released in October.

Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

Wayne

October 24, 2007

Bobbing among Saturn's rings

[Cross posted from the ideaFestival web log] Ever watched a moon bob among Saturn's rings?

Wayne

October 18, 2007

Stardust, Falcon, Cassini & more

Wayne

October 17, 2007

Ten years exploring Saturn

Pia10008_lCosmic Log: this week is the 10 year anniversary of the Cassini/Huygens mission to Saturn. Alan Boyle produces a number of links to the mission, including one link to a very surprising video game created by mission scientists.

Reproduced above is a new map of Titan's polar region released by ESA. In the false color image, the darker areas are believed to be hydrocarbon lakes, which are thought to participate in a complex hydrology like the water cycle on Earth.

ESA has also posted a terrific flash-based movie of the successive flybys and the mapping process that resulted in the image you see here. Check it out.

If you like these and other pictures, CICLOPS, which is responsible for Cassini imagery, has published a feed so that you never have to miss another spectacular image. Don't know what a feed is? See this plain English video tutorial.

Image: NASA/ JPL/ USGS

Wayne

October 11, 2007

Iapetus up very close

191574main_pia08384516 This image of Iapetus was captured in September during a close Cassini fly-by. According to the news released with the photo, scientists are studying the material in this false color image that gives the appearance of creeping across the moon.

In many places, the dark material--thought to be composed of nitrogen-bearing organic compounds called cyanides, hydrated minerals and other carbonaceous minerals--appears to coat equator-facing slopes and crater floors. The distribution of this material and variations in the color of the bright material across the trailing hemisphere will be crucial clues to understanding the origin of Iapetus' peculiar bright-dark dual personality.

Wayne

Image: Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

October 09, 2007

"A Jules Verne adventure come true"

Go on a 17 minute exploration of the Saturn system in this archived TED presentation. Planetary scientist and leader of the imaging team for the Cassini-Huygens mission, Carolyn Porco, describes the mission, and in particular the Huygens' descent to Titan, as a "Jules Verne adventure come true." If like me you are captivated by images of other worlds, you'll enjoy this visual feast.

Wayne

October 08, 2007

Rockets, superheroes and prizes

Pia09742_4 Just some space links to start your week.

Wayne

September 21, 2007

Explore! The week in news

Iapetus_himalayas The latest Carnival of Space is up and guess what story is dominating the news? Not willing to wait, Advanced Nanontechnology has already outlined how to win the $30 million Google Lunar Lander X Prize.

Other stories not included in the latest iteration of the space carnival include Paul Gilster's piece on Tau Ceti, which asks the question: what should the constant bombardment of potential planets in the dust belt surrounding that star tell us about the development of life on Earth?

The European Space Agency's super-chilled infrared observatory, Herschel, designed to register the faintest heat objects in the most distance past, is one step closer to being ready to fly.

Wired reports that NASA's GLAST is designed to peer into every corner of the universe as well, looking for the sources of gamma-ray radiation, the kinds of fantastic energy produced by merging neutron stars, for example. Wired's science blog also links to Scientific American articles on the future of space travel and the hard choices NASA may face - funding for every worthy goal simply isn't available.

Lastly, the image above is from Cassini's recent very close flyby of Iapetus, one of Saturn's moons. The image is of its "Himalayas." In this press release from NASA, the moon is characterized as the "Yin-and-Yang moon." Image Source: CICLOPS, the Cassini Imaging Team.

Wayne

September 06, 2007

Visiting Saturn's "walnut" moon

Pia09970_modest Preparing for September 10 flyby of Iapetus that will bring Cassini ten times closer than any previous visit, NASA released this image of the moon, along with an ultraviolet image on the left. The red in the ultraviolet image indicates abundant water ice at the moon's pole.

The nickname comes from a mountain band around the moon's equator.

Scientists are trying to understand why the leading side of the body is bright, while the trailing side is as "dark as tar." The dark material, whatever it is, appears in several places in the Saturn system.

Wayne

Image: NASA/JPL/University of Colorado/Space Science Institute

August 07, 2007

Robots, asteroids and Charon

The most recent Carnival of Space links to some particularly good articles.

They including whether robots or humans should explore space, the possibility of a lunar observatory, recent news from Cassini about a tiny moon of Saturn, Helen, landing on asteroids, water detected on Pluto's companion, Charon, and how nanotechology might permit the building of "worldships" from - who else? - Centauri Dreams.

There are many, many more at Music of Spheres, the current carnival host, so have a look.

The submission deadline for space stories for Carnival of Space is each Wednesday at 6p PST. I hope sometime soon to add to the mix with an article on our own Kentucky Satellite program.

Wayne

August 03, 2007

Flying through an icy geyser

Img002631br500_2 At a Wednesday news conference plans "to discuss... NASA's Cassini mission to make an unusually close encounter with Saturn's geyser-moon Enceladus" were promised.

Today, according to China View:

Cassini's third flyby of Enceladus (en-SELL-ah-dus), set for March 2008, will see it within 19 miles (30 kilometers) of the Saturnian moon — almost six times closer than the spacecraft's closest pass in 2005. The tight trajectory will move Cassini directly into the icy geyser at the moon's southern pole, NASA official James Green said during a teleconference today.

Image credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

Wayne


July 30, 2007

Cassini completes Titan flyby

Titanjuly1307 Cassini completed a July 19 fly-by of Titan and raw images have appeared at NASA. The image to the left is among the best of the 500 hundred or so.

Titan was the site of Huygens' descent in 2005.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

Wayne

July 24, 2007

Enceladus: Saturn's "icy torch"

Enceladus USA Today has run a nice story about Enceladus' icy surface and its geysers, which make a grand show of releasing water into the vacuum of space. Scientists want to know what's causing the eruptions and whether the conditions might be right for life beneath the moon's icy surface.

On its Planetary Photojournal NASA aptly calls the moon Saturn's "icy torch."

USA Today:

Enceladus, a shining ball of ice hugging Saturn's rings, was first caught in the act of spewing a watery geyser from its south pole two years ago by the international Cassini mission. Water, life's most crucial ingredient, was blasting 270 miles into space, actually hitting the orbiting spacecraft, from cracks on the frozen moon dubbed 'tiger stripes' (hyperlink supplied).

Image: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

Wayne

July 19, 2007

Space destinations on the Web

Opportunityrovertracksvictoriacrate Links for Today:

  • Jeff Foust at Personal Spaceflight points out that the Select Committee on Science and Technology of the British Parliament issued a report on UK space policy that includes a section on space tourism.
  • Cosmic Log points to "must-see science" on the Web.
  • Planet Quest interviews the manager of the Michelson Science Center at Caltech, Dr. David Imel, who expresses his belief that we'll find another Earth-like planet in his life time.
  • The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) has released another group of terrific images taken from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter of Mar's surface geology. In the image above, one can actually see Opportunity's tracks at Victoria Crater, which the rover is set to explore.
  • JPL has released a video update of Cassini's Saturn mission. Today, Cassini will take more measurements of the surface of Titan very near where Huygens' landed on the moon. Titan images, including some from Huygens' descent, may be found here.

Wayne

July 04, 2007

Saturn's cloud bands

Saturnjune29_2 This image released on June 29 was taken by Cassini at a distance of approximately 1.5 million kilometers (1 million miles) from Saturn. Image scale is 89 kilometers (55 miles) per pixel. On the web site, the image is titled "depth sounding" because one can see the banded clouds in the northern hemisphere beneath the outer haze.

Click the image for a much nicer view. It's courtesy of NASA, JPL and the Space Science Institute.

The orbiter last week also completed flybys of Titan and Tethys.

Wayne

June 18, 2007

Saturn's Dione, Tethys: Volcanic?

179696main_tethysdione_61307330 New data from Cassini suggest that Dione and Tethys, two icy moons of the planet, could be geologically active. Until this discovery, the only moons of Saturn known to be active worlds were Titan and Enceladus.

The image here is of the two moons, courtesy of NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute.

The Cassini mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency.

Wayne

June 05, 2007

More Titan data released

Cassinititanimagejune107NASA and the European Space Agency have released more information on the Cassini-Huygens mission to the Saturn system, including data on Huygens' descent, surface imagery, the moon's unique atmosphere and information on extremely low frequency (ELF) radio waves detected by the craft before touchdown. 

Saturn Daily has more about what the ELF data might mean.

The composite picture of Titan above was taken by Cassini last October.

Image credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

Wayne

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