Mars

July 23, 2008

Big hopes, big goals for Space-X and Falcon 1

Carrying the hopes for the future of low-cost access to orbit, Space-X's Falcon 1 is scheduled for lift off sometime after July 29, according to Smithsonian's Air&Space.

Unlike the previous tries, which were billed as demonstrations, this is not a test. Flight 003, as SpaceX calls it, carries cargo belonging to paying customers: an Air Force satellite called Jumpstart that’s meant to show that small satellites can be built and launched quickly; a test ring adapter for the Malaysian space agency ATSB (a future SpaceX client); and two breadbox-size NASA experiments, one of which aims to be the first solar sail deployed in space.

Fourteen such launches are scheduled through 2011 if all goes well. But Musk has much bigger goals in mind for Space-X and the nascent commercial space transportation sector - sending humans to Mars.

In a speech delivered earlier this month to the Royal Aeronautical Society in London, he said, 'For the first time in the four-billion-year history of Earth, there exists the possibility of extending life beyond Earth to other planets…. It is difficult to predict how long that window will remain open.

'Commercial space transport companies, including possibly SpaceX, are needed to make this happen, as the commercial sector is best suited to optimizing both the cost and reliability of access to space, just as the commercial air and ground transport companies did in their sectors. I believe we will need at least an order (perhaps two orders) of magnitude reduction in present-day space launch costs and flight failures to achieve the goal of becoming a multi-planetary species.'

Rob Coppinger has the ten minute speech here.

Wayne

July 02, 2008

Settling Mars

Fraser Cain and Pamela Gay at Astronomy Cast recently have posted a two part podcast on settling Mars - part two is here - pointing out that while there are very serious obstacles to long term residence on the planet, there are also nutrients, minerals and oxygen, and, not to be discounted, a roughly similar day/night cycle.

The entire podcast is devoted to the kind of questions that will need to be answered in order live on Mars. Check it out.

Wayne

June 27, 2008

Mars soil contains nutrients for life

NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander has performed its first wet chemistry experiment on the collected Martian soil, returning data showing that it contains many nutrients. It might just be suitable for... asparagus?

Wayne

June 23, 2008

Water ice found on Mars

Wired: Digging into the Martian arctic, the Phoenix Mars Lander has found water ice on Mars.

Wayne

June 17, 2008

University student Mars rover competition

Competing on behalf of seven institutions, university students recently participated in an event sponsored by the Mars Society to test rover concepts in the Utah desert.

  Teams were given four difficult tasks for the 2008 URC: two scientific analysis tasks and two engineering performance tasks. A Geology Task required teams to perform imaging in both the visible and infrared spectra, while a Soil Characterization Task involved measuring subsurface temperatures, water concentration levels, and pH levels. For both scientific analysis tasks, teams were given 35 minutes to collect data in the field with their rover followed by an additional 35 minutes to analyze the returns, and were then asked to deliver a 15-minute field briefing to the judges.

Perhaps the most sinister of challenges was the Construction Task, which required teams to secure a series of panels by tightening standard nuts and bolts. The target fasteners were placed between 15 and 75 centimeters above the ground and could be tilted forward or backward up to 45 degrees, making this difficult task even more overwhelming. In what ended up being the most dramatic and exciting event of the competition, the Emergency Navigation Task gave teams 35 minutes to deliver a small box of supplies to a distressed astronaut in the field, provided only with his last known coordinates.

Oregon State, the University of Nevada Reno and York University (Toronto, Ontario) finished one, two and three, respectively. The winner also won a trip to the 11th Annual Mars Society convention in August.

Wayne

June 13, 2008

Video: waiting on Mars

Here is the post-landing conference from NASA of the craft's successful touchdown on Mars, which, as NASA administrator Michael Griffith points out, raises the successful landing rate on the planet to 50 percent. I'm including the video here because in the beginning of the video, the agency plays a clip of mission controllers waiting anxiously as an announcer calls out key milestones during the descent. There was a lot of tension in those faces - and a lot of relief afterwards.

Wayne

Webcast by Ustream.TV

June 04, 2008

ESA: Future of Space Exploration

Mentioning roving laboratories and a Mars sample return mission, this European Space Agency video on the future of space exploration goes into some length on human exploration of Mars. There is, as the director of ESA suggests, no opposition between human and robotic exploration of the planet.

Wayne

June 02, 2008

Did Phoenix uncover ice at landing site?

Lg_1040Is this material, uncovered when Phoenix's rockets cleared the material on top during landing, ice?

Image source: NASA/JPL/Caltech/University of Arizona/Max Planck Institute

Wayne

May 30, 2008

Latest Carnival of Space online

Carnival of Space no. 56 is now out at the Lifeboat Foundation.

Wayne

May 29, 2008

Image of the Day: Phoenix settled on Mars

230917main_image_1093_946710

NASA's image of the day is of the Phoenix Mars Lander settled near the northern pole, four days into its mission.

Having discovered in 2002 large amounts of subsurface water ice in this area, the lander will dig beneath the surface to retrieve soil and water ice for on-board analysis.

The disk in the picture contains the names of a quarter million people.

Wayne

May 27, 2008

Mars orbiter snaps picture of Phoenix on way to surface of Mars

Phx_landerviamro For the very first time a spacecraft - the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter - has taken a picture of another spacecraft - Phoenix - as it descended to another planetary body. Think about that for a second!

Hat tip: Universe Today

Wayne

Phoenix a Twitter hit

In case you weren't already following along, the Phoenix's Twitter page is climbing the Twitterholic rankings and currently is the 42 most popular according to Nature.

Wayne

May 26, 2008

Phoenix safely on Mars

Lg_432 The Phoenix Mars Lander, which will continue the study of the history of water on the planet and search for evidence of microbial life, touched down safely last evening at the northern pole of Mars. News and pictures are here.

Image credit: NASA/JPL/Caltech/University of Arizona

Wayne

May 19, 2008

Phoenix Mars Lander mission offers webcast for schools

According to the Oregon Space Grant Consortium, NASA will be conducting a webcast a portion of the Phoenix Lander mission for schools on Thursday, May 22 as the robot explorer, which will touch down on Mars on May 25, nears the planet. The events of the entry, descent and landing, and the path to Mars so far will be reviewed.

Phoenix's mission is to land at the Mars' north pole, dig into the icy soil looking for the chemical building blocks of life and study the history of water.

But first it much touch down safely on the Red Planet. Here is a very well done video combining animation with expert narration of the challenge getting Phoenix to the ground:

     

Wayne

May 16, 2008

Video: Martian surface flyover

At the Planetary Society, Emily Lakdawalla points to beautiful video of computer generated fly-overs of the Spirit and Opportunity landing sites composed from the actual topological data. There are four altogether - and the file sizes are substantial - but check out this 5 meg file featuring Victoria Crater (Quicktime) and a cameo of Opportunity descending into the crater. Emily also describes how Randy Kirk, planetary geologist working at the Unites States Geological Survey, has derived accurate topology for the virtual flyover:

  Randy Kirk... specializes in the challenges of mapping the topography of planetary surfaces. His and his coworkers' methods, honed over many years, allow them to create topographic maps (and, nowadays, digital elevation models) of places on planets even when they don't have actual topographic data. They do it, most often, through a technique called photoclinometry, also known as shape-from-shading.

Wayne

May 05, 2008

Where was the water on Mars?

At the Planetary Society, Emily Lakdawalla points to a brand new imaging site, the CRISM Mars imaging site. CRISM - the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars - uses the spectrum of reflected sunlight to determine the mineralogy of the surface, a technique called reflectance spectroscopy.

It's an important technique because some minerals will only form in the presence of water.

The interactive map is here.

Wayne

April 17, 2008

Carnival of Space No. 50

My name is Wayne Hall and I work with the Kentucky space program. Huh? Kentucky what?!

Suffice it to say that a group of talented people are out to change the perception of what's possible in the commonwealth of Kentucky by doing hands-on space science. The very first project of this ambitious enterprise is a cooperative, student-led effort to design, build and fly a CubeSat that kids from the eastern mountains to the western Mississippi river shore can figuratively reach out and touch from classrooms all over the state. The first of many planned efforts, it will rocket to orbit sometime late this year or early next. And with that,

Welcome to the 50th edition of the Carnival of Space! From rocket racing to astronomy to particle physics to the search for intelligent life, this week features a wide variety of space-related topics. So let's dive right in.

New Frontiers has news about the Rocket Racing League and its announcement about upcoming exhibition race dates. Meanwhile, Space Transport News discusses Red Bull air races and the differences and similarities to rocket racing as well as taking some notes from the news conference.

At Altair VI, David S. F. Portree writes about the old NASA Office of Exploration Mars' and Moon vision for space exploration and has something to say about space tourism.

The Planetary Society's Emily Stewart Lakdawalla notes the stunning images of Phobos available from the Mars Express image catalog. A Babe in the Universe follows suit, pointing out that the crater Stickney is 9 km across on a moon only 22 km long. Speaking as a blogger who makes liberal use of CICLOPS and HiRISE images, the pictures coming from current robotic missions are spectacular. I'm looking forward to what MESSENGER and New Horizons might reveal.

Speaking of the planets, Stuart Atkinson at Cumbrian Sky reports on one suggestion to send monkeys to Mars. You read that right. He also provides some images of Pheonix's landing spot on the planet.

Fraser explains why Pluto is no longer a planet. Let's just say that the region beyond Neptune is awfully interesting.

Of the many satellites that dance around Sun, Neptune's Triton is probably not a world that tickles one's imagination when envisioning space colonization. But while it may be ignored as scientists chase after Mars and Titan, Neptune's Triton may in the distant future become a prime location at the edge of our solar system. Colony Worlds asks: Neptune's Triton: Is It Worth Billions, Or Trillions?

This week's Space Video at Space Feeds is the eighth episode of Firefly, Out of Gas.

At Next Big Future, Brian Wang asks whether a $153 million Thin Film Dome inflated over cities might protect against nuclear weapons or perhaps substitute for communication satellites. Russian inventor and researcher Alexander Bolonkin has developed an interesting technology that suggests all kinds of commercial possibilities.

Can Dark Matter be directly detected? Anticipating such an announcement, astrophysicist Ethan Siegel expresses his doubts at Starts with a Bang! It's a question I've also put to Star Stryder, Pamela Gay.

Astronomer Robert Simpson at Orbiting Frog contributes a post to the 50th carnival on Nebulae in 3D. He nominated another post about the late John Wheeler from Daniel Holz at the wonderful group blog Cosmic Variance. Holz movingly recalls his time with the physicist, who was conversant in biology, history and poetry. Please give it a read.

At Out of the Cradle, Ken Murphy continues his look at growing plants on the Moon with a review of the book "Lunar Base Agriculture" in part II of his article "Of a Garden on the Moon".

At Centauri Dreams, Paul Gilster, who is surely link-weary from the attention this blog has paid to him, posts a story about "Life as Rarity in the Cosmos," which looks at new research suggesting that we are living rather late in the history of Earth's biosphere. If so, it might have implications for the possibility of intelligent life elsewhere. Bottom line: we might find that life itself is rather common, but intelligent life? Not so much.

Do we have anything to worry about from the Large Hadron Collider? Ian O'Neill explains that "an Earth-eating black hole is pretty much impossible."

Ever-prepared, Scouts Canada describes a variety of methods for finding direction without a compass or GPS by using the sun, stars and moon. In practical fashion, Scouts blogger Mang also lends some context to astronomical distances - the discussion includes a scale overlay of the solar system on the City of Toronto using a standard marble for Earth - and writes about modeling a micro-satellite, the Microvariability & Oscillations of STars (MOST) satellite. The MOST team has opened target proposals to the public.

Space Cynics, meanwhile, wonders how prepared Gen-Y is to contribute to the national space program.

Tyler Nordgren is educating visitors about what they learn about the solar system and universe through what they can see for themselves in the dark starry skies above the parks, as well as on the ground around them in the wonderful geological processes and features the parks protect. The most recent entry from this week at Arches National Park is found here.

Finally, at Music of the Spheres, Bruce Irving asks Why Space?, a theme that the Martian Chronicles also picks up on this week, along with providing some great Cape Verde images as seen from everyone's favorite Martian rover.

Why explore indeed! And since it's THAT time again, perhaps it's appropriate that John Benac contribute a post about Political Action for Space, the first space political action committee.

It's been a blast to host the carnival at Kentucky's space program blog this week. KySat hopes to make its own news in the near future. So please come back and please visit all the great blogs and bloggers you see listed here!

Wayne

April 15, 2008

Parachuting to Mars

Mars_science_lab_chute Unlike previous craft to land on Mars, the Mars Science Laboratory is big - very big. The Universe Today describes the challenge of lowering it through the planet's thin atmosphere to the surface of the planet.

MSL will be the first planetary mission to use precision landing techniques, using a rocket-guided entry with a heat shield to steer itself toward the Martian surface similar to the way the space shuttle controls its entry through the Earth's upper atmosphere. In this way, the spacecraft will fly to a desired location above the surface of Mars before deploying its parachute for the final landing. MSL will use a scaled-up version of parachutes used for the Viking and Mars Exploration Rovers mission. Called a Disk-Gap-Band parachute, the name describes the construction of the parachute: a disk forms the canopy, then a small gap, followed by a cylindrical band.

Carrying a science lab on board, the job of robotic craft will be to uncover evidence for whether the Martian environment could once have been favorable for microbial life.

USA Today also carries a story about the difficulties of the Mars Science Laboratory mission.

Wayne

April 10, 2008

49th Carnival of Space online

The 49th and very latest Carnival of Space is up at the site of English astrophysicist and full time science writer Will Gater. There are a great many good links to follow and good stories to read, so please, go check them out.

Wayne

Phobos closeup

Phobos The larger of Mars' two moons, Phobos, gets a close up from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. "Larger" in this case means 21 kilometers in diameter.

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona

March 31, 2008

Mars' "Grand Canyon"

379260208214963d201hebeschasma_h1 Here is a "perspective view" of Hebes Chasma obtained by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on ESA’s Mars Express spacecraft. According to ESA:

Hebes Chasma is an enclosed trough, almost 8000 m deep, in Valles Marineris, the Grand Canyon of Mars, where water is believed to have flowed.

The Universe Today has more about these images. Photo: ESA

Wayne

March 26, 2008

Mars rover funding flap

Did NASA seriously think about cutting funding for Spirit and Opportunity, the Mars rovers?

Wayne

March 24, 2008

Martian tracks

Sol1162b_p2299_l257atc_br2 This image from Opportunity shows the tracks left by the rover using some on-board autonomous behavior. According to NASA, it's "getting smarter as it gets older." Click to enlarge.

Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell University

Wayne

March 17, 2008

NASA and the future of planetary science

Along with a number of other presentations at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Pamela Gay live blogged a session on the future of planetary science from NASA Administrator Michael Griffin. It's interesting stuff.

Wayne

March 10, 2008

Study: Mars gullies formed by landslides, not water

Mars_water Gullies found in 2005 images that appeared to show gully formation created by the rapid release of water have on further examination turned out to be created from the flow of granular debris, or landslides, according to Universe Today.

Wayne

March 07, 2008

Carnival of Space is Mars central

The latest Carnival of Space is out and from articles about getting there to speculation about who the first human visitors to the planet will be, it's Mars heavy. Check it out.

Wayne

March 05, 2008

HiRISE snaps Martian avalanche

Psp_007338_2640 HiRISE captured this avalanche on Mars as it happened.

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

February 22, 2008

Mars webinars for educators

The Oregon Space Grant consortium lists four free Mars Web seminars designed for science educators, one of which focuses on the Mars Student Imaging Project. The National Science Teachers Association has more on this opportunity.

Wayne

February 20, 2008

Settled in for the Winter

overwinteringonMars.jpg The Planetary Photojournal at NASA has just posted this January 29 image of the over wintering position of Spirit, one of two Mars rovers currently roaming the planet. The image caption reads:

NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit has this view northward from the position at the north edge of the "Home Plate" plateau where the rover will spend its third Martian winter.
Husband Hill is on the horizon. The dark area in the middle distance is "El Dorado" sand dune field.

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell University

February 19, 2008

Space Show to air Vision for Space Exploration interview

Hobbeyspace lists the week's agenda on The Space Show. On Friday an interview with Dr. Louis Friedman of the Planetary Society will be aired, the subject of which will be the recent meeting at Stanford to discuss the Vision for Space Exploration. It should be interesting.

The Planetary Society has already posted this news about the meeting.

Wayne

February 15, 2008

Martian dunes

Duneswithunusualgully.jpg This image was recently captured by HiRISE, the imaging team for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Go to the link for a full description of the geology. I just thought it looked neat.

Wayne

February 13, 2008

Funding Mars exploration

Phil Plait asks how much trouble Mars exploration is in and suggests Congressional funding may improve on the budgetary request from the White House.

Wayne

February 08, 2008

HiRISE taking Mars public

Psp_003545_2025According to information at HiRISE, students at a New Jersey Charter High School helped it select this image. HiRISE is responsible for the images taken by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO).

In addition to click workers, who helped it do tasks that required human perception, such as the ability to recognize patterns, but not a lot of scientific background, the HiRISE project has worked to incorporate the public into its efforts. It should be commended.

If you're interested in other human-based computation efforts, see this list. The popular Galaxy Zoo, which asks ordinary individuals to help classify galaxies, is a favorite of mine.

Lastly, the HiRISE blog mentions a way to get MRO data into Google Earth. Google Mars anyone?

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

February 06, 2008

University Rover Challenge

Linking to a Mars Society posting, Space Prizes points out that the deadline for entering the organization's University Rover Challenge is near. Teams and their rovers in the challenge will compete in four events:

geology and soil characterization tasks, a basic construction task, and a navigation task that will require teams to deliver emergency supplies to a distressed astronaut in the field.

Entered teams are here.

Wayne

January 11, 2008

Mars Science Lab landing sites narrowed to six

Pia08488_modest According the Universe Today, potential landing sites for the Mars Science Laboratory have been narrowed to six from the 50 proposed by the science community. The roving science lab will examine the soil to assess whether Mars ever was - or is - an environment able to support microbial life.

The image above compares the relative sizes of the the rover compared to the twins Spirit and Opportunity, currently operating on the surface of the planet.

Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Wayne

January 03, 2008

Mars asteroid impact

The chance of an asteroid impact on Mars is now 1 in 28, according to the Planetary Society Weblog, which cites NASA's Near Earth Object Program. The original news story is here.
 

Wayne

December 24, 2007

"Santa Claus craters"

Psp_006271_2210 Sure it's a stretch, but what do you expect on the day before Christmas? Click the image for a much larger version.

Back on  Wednesday,

Wayne

Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

December 14, 2007

Living on Mars

It's now quite how Ray Bradbury envisioned it, but the video below from SpaceWorks Engineering takes a tour of what a habitable module on the surface of Mars might look like.

Wayne

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